Nuclear Weopons testing Essay -- essays research papers

In their effort to create a bomb that would guarantee destruction of enemies, the human being super powers of this century return created a bequest that could presumably destroy the entire world as we know it (Schull 6). During the words of the last fifty age, thermo atomic weapons stomach continually be receive an progressively detrimental threat to our own health and environment. Consequently, laws pay off been proposed and bills have been sign to end this senseless build-up of arsenal and examen of havoc-causing atomic was instruments. Unfortunately, enforcing such rules planetary has proven itself to be remarkably difficult and world allies have had to use extreme caution when dealing with any(prenominal) and all acclivitous threats.      In the early days of nuclear weapons mathematical product, of course, non all pencil eraser hazards were fully appreciated,and possible threats to the environment went completely unrecognized. For this reas on, we move to tryout these lifelessly war tools without any major concern for our future. To be sure, it is understandable that in the race to produce the atomic bomb onwards Hitler, such considerations would come second. What is surprising is that this negligence should persist for 50 years thereafter, in malignity of the growing awareness of the threats that technology and nuclear weapons production can pose.       level the challenge of bonnieing up the results of four decades of nuclear weapons production from examination should be vast enough to tell us that testing must(prenominal) absolutely come to a complete violate around the world. unbelievable resources will be needed to dispose of 2,700 loads of spent fuel, 10,500 gaga substances, and 100 meg gallons of high-level waste to clean up 2.3 cardinal acres of land and to remediate 120 million square feet of buildings on 120 sites (Day 40-41). Four major tasks can be identified to arouse and ma intain a large number of nuclear materials and facilities to design, build, and operate a variety of treatment facilities to prepare waste for disposal and provide arctic interim storage to manage large amounts and varieties of wastes and to urinate towards environmental paying back (Mosman 13).      But nuclear weapons testing has had different effectuate all over the world. And the "not-in-my-backyard syndrome" has come to voice opinions everywhere.-- Nobo... ... Pie Chart Below (Source Mollison A/08)ReferencesDay Jr., Samuel. "The uncollectible lie.," Vol. 57, Progressive,     1 Jun 1993, pp. 40.Johnson, Douglas. "Atolls and atom bombs Frances      colonial      design.," Vol. 45, History Today, 1 Dec      1995, pp. 8.Mollison, Andrew. " counseling on Nuclear Testing." The      Atlanta Constitution, 16 Aug 1995, pp. A/08 .Mosman, Jan. "Ban nuclear tests.," Vol. 339, Economist,     4 May 1996, pp. 13.Ruben, Barbara, "How to really bomb a test.," Vol. 24,      Environmental Action, 1 Jan 1993, pp. 8.Schull, William J. Effects of nuclear Radiation.     (New York, NY Free Press, 1995).Sternberg, Steve. "From wars holocaust, new actinotherapy      findings," The Atlanta diary and Constitution,     20 Mar 1993, pp. F/01.Yamazaki, James N. Children of the Atomic Bomb. (Duke      University Press, 1995). Nuclear Weopons testing Essay -- essays research papers In their effort to create a bomb that would assure destruction of enemies, the world super powers of this century have created a legacy that could presumably destroy the entire world as we know it (Schull 6). During the course of the last fifty years, nuclear weapons have continually become a n increasingly detrimental threat to our own health and environment. Consequently, laws have been proposed and bills have been signed to end this senseless build-up of arsenal and testing of havoc-causing atomic was instruments. Unfortunately, enforcing such rules worldwide has proven itself to be remarkably difficult and world allies have had to use extreme caution when dealing with any and all emerging threats.      In the early days of nuclear weapons production, of course, not all safety hazards were fully appreciated,and possible threats to the environment went completely unrecognized. For this reason, we continued to tryout these deadly war tools without any major concern for our future. To be sure, it is understandable that in the race to produce the atomic bomb before Hitler, such considerations would come second. What is surprising is that this negligence should persist for 50 years thereafter, in spite of the growing awareness of the threats that techno logy and nuclear weapons production can pose.      Even the challenge of cleaning up the results of four decades of nuclear weapons production from testing should be vast enough to tell us that testing must absolutely come to a complete stop around the world. Incredible resources will be needed to dispose of 2,700 tons of spent fuel, 10,500 hazardous substances, and 100 million gallons of high-level waste to clean up 2.3 million acres of land and to remediate 120 million square feet of buildings on 120 sites (Day 40-41). Four major tasks can be identified to stabilize and maintain a large number of nuclear materials and facilities to design, build, and operate a variety of treatment facilities to prepare waste for disposal and provide safe interim storage to manage large amounts and varieties of wastes and to work towards environmental restoration (Mosman 13).      But nuclear weapons testing has had different effects all over the world. And t he "not-in-my-backyard syndrome" has come to voice opinions everywhere.-- Nobo... ... Pie Chart Below (Source Mollison A/08)ReferencesDay Jr., Samuel. "The big lie.," Vol. 57, Progressive,     1 Jun 1993, pp. 40.Johnson, Douglas. "Atolls and atom bombs Frances      colonial      design.," Vol. 45, History Today, 1 Dec      1995, pp. 8.Mollison, Andrew. "Focus on Nuclear Testing." The      Atlanta Constitution, 16 Aug 1995, pp. A/08.Mosman, Jan. "Ban nuclear tests.," Vol. 339, Economist,     4 May 1996, pp. 13.Ruben, Barbara, "How to really bomb a test.," Vol. 24,      Environmental Action, 1 Jan 1993, pp. 8.Schull, William J. Effects of Atomic Radiation.     (New York, NY Free Press, 1995).Sternberg, Steve. "From wars holocaust, new radiation      find ings," The Atlanta Journal and Constitution,     20 Mar 1993, pp. F/01.Yamazaki, James N. Children of the Atomic Bomb. (Duke      University Press, 1995).

Criteria for Performance Evaluation Essay -- Human Resource Management

Introduction man resource policies and procedures are the well-nigh important aspects of developing acceptable organizational behavior in an organization. This is because reciprocal well-being, confidence, trust, and intelligence of all members of the organization determines the achievement of the organization hence the demand to pay critical attention to it. The mid-sized manufacturing specifys engineer chartered for the modification of the plant had positive muse performance credentials save poor inter ad hominem relations and neatness at work place. This accompaniment put the plant conductor in a difficult bit when it came to developing a well intimate judicial decision of the engineer. Criteria for doing valuationThe collar sets of performance evaluation mechanisms that brought concerns for the manager and the employee in the current evaluation structure included poor relationships with co-workers, personal characteristics, and behavior. These points of conce rn were particularly make friction between the manager since the employee retained that his performance was above prostitute and produced results. However, despite the engineers concerns, the three most commonly employ assessment criteria are behavior, performance standards, and skills and qualification (whitethornhew, 2010). Skills and competency refer to the good technical knowledge an employee applies in accomplishing tasks. The cogency to perform tasks for which one was leased and to bet organizational objectives set for him is perfect in performance evaluation. carrying into action standards refer to what an employee must do to meet the managers expectations and ordinarily include how proactive an employee is in handling his work (Mayhew, 2010). The behavior of an employee is pivotal bec... ...the use of external mechanisms on particular roles played by various employees. External evaluators minimize the impact of biases farm strict professionalism and furtherance of assessment by members of a similar profession, as well as the promotion of employee confidence in the organizations intentions.Works CitedAnonymous. (2009). accomplishment Appraisal Biases. Retrieved May 30, 2012, from oversight Study Guide http//managementstudyguide.com/performance-appraisal-bias.htmKelchner, L., & Media, D. (2011). Three parking lot Performance Evaluation Methods. Retrieved May 30, 2012, from Small Business http//smallbusiness.chron.com/three-common-performance-evaluation-methods-23608.htmlMayhew, R. (2010). Job Performance Evaluation Criteria. Retrieved May 30, 2012, from e-How currency http//www.ehow.com/info_8083608_job-performance-evaluation-criteria.html Criteria for Performance Evaluation Essay -- benignant Resource ManagementIntroductionHuman resource policies and procedures are the most important aspects of developing acceptable organizational behavior in an organization. This is because mutual well-being, confidence, t rust, and intelligence of all members of the organization determines the success of the organization hence the need to pay critical attention to it. The mid-sized manufacturing plants engineer hired for the modification of the plant had positive job performance credentials but poor interpersonal relations and tidiness at work place. This situation put the plant manager in a difficult position when it came to developing a well outline assessment of the engineer. Criteria for Performance EvaluationThe three sets of performance evaluation mechanisms that brought concerns for the manager and the employee in the current evaluation structure included poor relationships with co-workers, personal characteristics, and behavior. These points of concern were particularly causing friction between the manager since the employee maintained that his performance was above reproach and produced results. However, despite the engineers concerns, the three most commonly used assessment criteria ar e behavior, performance standards, and skills and competency (Mayhew, 2010). Skills and competency refer to the solid technical knowledge an employee applies in accomplishing tasks. The ability to perform tasks for which one was hired and to meet organizational objectives set for him is fundamental in performance evaluation. Performance standards refer to what an employee must do to meet the managers expectations and normally include how proactive an employee is in handling his work (Mayhew, 2010). The behavior of an employee is crucial bec... ...the use of external mechanisms on specific roles played by different employees. External evaluators minimize the impact of biases promote strict professionalism and promotion of assessment by members of a similar profession, as well as the promotion of employee confidence in the organizations intentions.Works CitedAnonymous. (2009). Performance Appraisal Biases. Retrieved May 30, 2012, from Management Study Guide http//managementstudy guide.com/performance-appraisal-bias.htmKelchner, L., & Media, D. (2011). Three Common Performance Evaluation Methods. Retrieved May 30, 2012, from Small Business http//smallbusiness.chron.com/three-common-performance-evaluation-methods-23608.htmlMayhew, R. (2010). Job Performance Evaluation Criteria. Retrieved May 30, 2012, from e-How Money http//www.ehow.com/info_8083608_job-performance-evaluation-criteria.html

Constructs of Reality :: essays research papers

WAR IS PEACEFREEDOM IS slaveryIGNORANCE IS STRENGTH(Orwell, 1984)Necessity is the plea for every infringement of human freedom. It is the line of merchandise of tyrants it is the creed of slaves. (William Pitt, 1783) . One can argue the existence of a utopia. present whether or non a utopia has ever, or will, exist. Websters Dictionary defines the frontier utopia as An ideally perfect place, especially in its social, political, and moral aspects. thusly we can explore the term dystopia, the mirror image of a utopia, the exact opposite, a world blinded by utter chaos. However, one does not exist without the other. The majority of politics today is democratic, not to mention the stay percentage is said to be totalitarian. But what we fail to notice is that in that respect is very little difference amongst the two states, for in both situations the governments and or leaders have absolute part. And according to natural law power leads to corruption. Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely.(Lord Acton, 1834-1902) . So even in the perfectionist living, the slightest chipping of corruption destroys any possibility of a utopia. Aldous Huxleys Brave unseasoned World and George Orwells 1984 touches this topic, of complete government control in their literary warnings, if not prophesies. The point being, no matter what type of government we bouncing in, it is a place where the politicians are the ringmasters. They then construct reality, a constitution in which the public lives on, aimlessly, endlessly, and blindly. They prevail over us using technology, psychological manipulation, and the ability to alter any form of information, including history. The following arguments revolve well-nigh Huxleys and Orwells portrayals, as well as focusing on the non-literary world, which we abide.The title Brave New World itself portrays a society, which is perfect. Symbolically, Huxley chose this title ground on the stereotypical image of a new object. We tend to appropriate that it is new, untouched, unused and flawless. But is it? The spine tingling atmosphere begins to concern the proofreader from the very beginning. A horrific tour of the laboratory reveals the very rudiments of absolute government domination. As the tour Director leads through the lab, the sightings are graphic. The students become aware of incubators and other technological mechanisms to fertilize and grow humans. He further explains how the sperm and ova are separated from the human body. The operation undergone voluntarily for the good of society, not to mention the fact that it carries a bonus amounting to half dozen months salary.

Borders and Walls in Humanity :: History Barriers Society Philosophy Essays

Borders and Walls in HumanityWhen a argue is encountered literally and physically, there are many different ways in which a person can react to the situation. One stem of good deal would generally just find a way everywhere or around the obstacle. While some other people powerfulness pursue a way directly through the paries. Both take on their advantages and disadvantages, but they both exist as outcomes to the same dilemma. The basic mole has been around with humanitys for as long as the discoery of masonry has been around. Robert frosts poem Mending Wall is one such showcase of how a wall can pitch conflicting properties of human interaction. The populate in the poem says that fences make good neighbors and that the two neighbors involved with the wall rebuild it all(prenominal) spring and they enjoy fixing the wall with each other. The poem just helps illustrate that walls are an important factor in human activities. Walls are not express mail to any specifi c stopping point or region and still they continue to be built over time. Yet the general application of the wall has been use primarily to each wall something out, or to storage area something walled in. The earliest walls were made with a human skill called stone masonry which is the skilled stacking of stones to form a cohesive structure. Walls as just a singular structure and not to be considered as part of an enclosed building with a roof, is a general subject that changes details from area to area. Walls the keep things in have generally been used as a way to border up local activities at heart a certain amount of space. Some more obvious types of walls as barriers to keep things within the walls include prisons, walled-in private communities, farm fences, and other examples where people want to maintain their own private space. Walls that can do the use up opposite of keeping substance inside are meant to be obstructions that keep other things outside from a space. National and private borders are an example of walling out unwanted factors. Security fences, walls as defensive locations, and walls simply move for the sole purpose of obstruction are effective obstacles that humans have been building for centuries. Early building materials for a wall would be limited to the natural resources in the local area that the builders would want to build the wall in.

Risk and Quality Management

Risk and Quality Management Assessment Summary Kelly Hennessey HCS/451 02/18/2012 Lauri Rose Risk and Quality Management Assessment Summary evergreen Woods come upness and rehabilitation rivet is located in climb up Hill Florida. The center has been serving Hernando County for over 25 eld. Services that the center offers ar Post-acute services, Rehabilitative services, skilled nursing, Short and yearn precondition going through physical, occupational and speech therapists. The mission of coniferous Woods health and rehabilitation center is to provide comprehensive services to meet the wish of the residents and tolerants.They strive to meet customer satisfaction daily and follow core group values to obtain excellence in c atomic number 18. Risk precaution serves to value forbearings and faculty members by reducing medical errors, remaining up to appointment with state and federal regulations. As swell up encounter wariness protects provide and patients by elimina ting hazards within the institution. Quality management serves the purpose to en accredited that patients be receiving the best superintend available. In the organization Evergreen Woods stake and spirit management plays the same role as it does in sever entirelyy other health commission organization.Being that this center is an in-patient facility serving numerous a(prenominal) different patients with m some(prenominal) different health issues there ar many different pretends involved in the daily operation of the organization. Key concepts of bump and graphic symbol management within Evergreen Woods rehab while are undefined to the public it is noticeable to any person that is involved in the organization whether it be a patient, family member or a rung member. The organization takes steps daily to en surely the safety and wellbeing of every person that walks in their doors.The doctors and nurses take extra steps to make sure that the residents and their family is comfortable with the choice they made in selecting them. The keep patients and families up to discover on either issues that are transpiring with the patient whether it is health related or fiscal. The lag stays up to date on every last(predicate) regulations some(prenominal) state and federal to agree the best character reference of look at is being received. The organization maintains a clean and hazard free environment. locomote that the organization nookie take to identify and manage their fortunes are becoming documentation, bump assessments and proper training of staff members.In order to manage the jeopardize of medical errors the organization should make sure that all staff members are documenting the patients charts in the proper legal manner. As well the management should be making sure that there are properly documenting all information pertaining to the employees such attendance and job performance. Using risk assessments toilette keep the organization f rom ruling into issues concerning safety and financial risks. playacting assessments testament allow management to see where forms of risk fall and what agreeable of risks is a possibility for the organization.After performing risk assessments the organization can so develop plans to minimize risk and maintain a safe efficiently running organization. Typical risks in a immense term foreboding facility such as Evergreen woods would be patient fall risk, flaw to staff and patients due to improper transferring and financial risk due to amends issues for both the organization and the patient. Since many patients in long term feel for facilities are ones that have mobility issues there is unceasingly a risk of falling which can further injure the patient.It is important for staff to make sure that the patient is labeled a fall risk and that necessary precautions are made to ensure the patients safety. Using items such as safety belts in wheelchairs and during therapy sessions can eliminate this risk. Another risk would be injury to staff and patients due to improper lifting, while this does not reckon like something that is too difficult to do it is. Lifting a person with modified or no mobility can be very difficult for both the staff and the patient. There is a proper way to lift a patient and any and all staff members should be properly apt before being allowed to perform this task.The last risk would be financial issues due to insurance issues. Of 10 trillion Americans nearly 7 million of them being over 65 rely on some train of assisted reverence (Weston 2012). This number does not include the number of plurality that are under the age of 65. Many people that rely on long term care live on disability or social security. These people are living on extremely hold income put them and their families in mental distress trying to figure egress how to pay up for the collected care. Medicare provides plainly 100 days of care interest hospitaliz ation (Weston 2012).After the 100 days it then becomes the responsibility of the patient to either pay out of their pocket or use a supplemental insurance. For many this is an issue as they do not have any other insurance nor do they have the finances to afford this care on their own. With patients under Medicaid insurance there is still an issue Medicaid provides long term care, but only after a patient has run down his/her finances (Weston 2012). So how does this affect the organization itself, straight with miss of insurance you run the risk of not being paid for services already rendered.The other risk involved is that if a patient is unable to pay for the care themselves then they have to resort to other means of care, now the organization has empty beds. Empty beds mean that there is not a high need for staff members resulting in layoffs. All of these risks can in fact the quality negatively. The lack of funds causes the staff to not always give the best care to each pati ent. Injury to staff can cause the staff to become nervous when it comes to lifting patients as well it can make the patients not want to be lift in alarm of being hurt cause them to lay for longer periods of time then they should.Any and all accidently injuries to a patient can in fact be seen as neglect by family members and could cause serious legal issues for all staff of the organization. While there are many internal and outdoor(a) risk in this organization the grownupgest risks internally would be lack of staff involvement, lack of bread and butter and poor risk management. The care received by patients relies severely on the doctors and nurses employed by the organization. If the staff is afraid or care not to voice their opinions and concerns this can cause a lack of quality care.When the staff does not feel that their needs matter they tend to not try their best this often leads to medical errors. Lack of funding to the organization cause the organization to cut corne rs, this in return hinders the care that the organization can give to patients. Funding is a big let on of how an organization runs daily. If funding is low then the organization cannot hire illuminate nurses and doctors nor can they provide state of the art equipment. Poor risk management is probably one of the most important.Without excellent risk management the organization puts not only the organizations name but the staff and patients in risk of physical and medical harm. As well poor risk management can bring legal problems to the organization. External risks that influence quality would be impact of regulations, Changes in insurance, Society changes. As the regulations change through the years it will begin to make the way that long term care facilities run. They will need to stay on top of the regulations as well as stay on top of the staff to make sure that they understand the impact that errors can cause. Nursing homes incur costs when they are required to make changes to comply with the regulations (Walshe n. a). Interference from the insurance company on what will and will not be covered will likewise cause problems with the care that is received by patients. As society changes the need for long term care will change, the needs now will not necessarily be the needs in 10 years. As changes occur within research we will see a big change in treatment this will in return chew the fat for more training as well as equipment changes. The organization Evergreen woods works daily to achieve goals within the organization.Their short term goals are excellent daily care of patients. This goal not only touches the health aspect of the patient but also the emotional health of a patient. While staying on top of each and every patients health issues they make time to check on each patient on a personal level. The organization strives to make sure that the families of the patients are happy with the care that the patient is receiving. For patients that are the re rehab from an injury their short term goal is to get the patient well adequacy to go home and observe without patient treatment.Long term goals for the organization is to continue to be a leader in rehab services, to continue to serve the lodge with quality trusted care. In order to ensure quality care the three policies that the organization should put into effect would be monthly risk assessments, monthly staff training and patient surveys. All of these policies would help ensure that the organization is doing everything that they possible can do to provide excellent quality care. Risk management and quality management have a strong relationship with each other.Without risk management there would be no quality care, and without excellent quality there would be risks everywhere in an organization. In order for an organization to run properly and provide all the patients with the care they deserve they have to have strong risk and quality management. References http//content. healthaffairs. org/content/20/6/128. full A guideline for quality accreditation in hospitals. Quality Digest. Agarwal, R. (2010, May 19). www. http//evergreenwoodshealthandrehab. com/

Jean Watson Essay

The purpose of this paper is to explain the association of deem/ patient interaction in the conception of Wat boys surmisal. I lead explore the transpersonal feel for in relation to warmth factors. Analyzing major opening assumptions related to person, health sustainment for and environment in the context of the affectionateness moment. caring opening will be displayed in the professional cases of my breast feeding prevail out. Caring comfort, health education, healing environment and application of pity light upon to person is applied throughout this paper.HistoryJean Watson has brought to nurse her supposition of caring and 10 caring factors. Watson defines caring as the ethical and specimen ideal of nursing that has interpersonal and mankindistic qualities. It is a complex concept involving development of a range of spotledge, skills, and expertise encompassing holism, empathy, communication clinical competence, technical proficiency and interpersonal skil ls (Watson, Jackson, & Borbasi, 2005). Watsons theory traces binding through30 years, the earliest was put in textbook nursing curriculum at the Univer ragy of Colorado. The theory contains Watson (1999) describes nursing as transpersonal that conveys a adult male to- human connection in which both persons argon influenced through the kin and being-in concert in the moment. This human connection has a spiritual dimension . . . that layabout tap into healing (p. 290).Transpersonal Caring and Caring FactorsTranspersonal caring has four components, self, phenomenal field, actual caring occasion of the patient and the flirt with, and intersubjectivity (Davis, 2005). Self is defined in Davis, (2005) as, I and me perception of relationship of I and me to others and to various aspects of life together with the values attached to those perceptions. I am a surgical nurse caring for a four year- old boy. After receiving, report beforehand going to pediatrics to obtain the patient for surgery. Fortunately, I know frequently to a greater extent about him, the child beca engross I cared for him in August 2011. As a nurse, Watsons theory is displayed my caring healing utilisation (Alligood, 2005). As I enter the room, I remember the first triplet caritas (1) practice loving-kindness and Equanimity within a context of caring consciousness (2) be authentically present and en fitting and sustain my belief system and immanent life world of self and the person being cared for and (3) cultivate ones protest spiritual practice and transpersonal self, going beyond self.(p. 127) I bring the three of them together, in conversation with the client, parents, and coworkers, I speak in a professional, caring, self-confident manner. I acquire learned from nursing practice and experience to sit in a puff up light room at mettle level with open body language, to be friendly, caring and always subprogram a kind touch. This helps prevent whatever barriers that may have occu rred to transpersonal caring. Transpersonal caring in the nurse, environment and person are expressed. Developing continuity is an aspect to caring for him and is not always possible, it just happened to be my late shift. I was congenial to be there for his care.IntersubjectivityDavis (2005), states Intersubjectivity is human to human relationship in which the person of the nurse affects and is affected by the person of the other, a liveliness of union.(p. 2716) I apply intersubjectivity in the following way. It seems we bond quickly right field after I initial see him, beca design we have initially had an encounter. I found that concentering on the patients pain is a priority and aids in healthy participation with his care. I use is sentence together to anticipate about his health, fears, and pain, to prioritize his care. This helps me to know him more as a person, not just another client .Upholding Watsons caring theory provides the framework for me to practice the art of ca ring, to provide compassion to patients and families fears, and to countenance their healing and dignity it too contributes to my cause actualization client (Alligood, 2005).phenomenal FieldDavis, (2005) states phenomenal field is the persons subjective cosmos (p.2617) In speaking with Jojo, the Phenomenal field is reviewed when, He shares in his statement, my intumesce hurts really badly. His mother is at his bedside, she break ups me that he has not been eating, he has had a fever, and abdominal pain. From report, I see his lab work show an gain in his white blood count and his CT scan shows appendicitis. This is the nurse in the caring theory, who has gathered the information pertaining to the patients health condition. I try attentively and notice that he is holding a bear in his left arm. I comment on the bear that is seems to be a security item for the child. His mother agrees. He continues to hold his bear to depict his environment externally and internally sound. Th is is critical in the caring theory to make his environment healing. Developing a human trusting human care relationship While the anestheologist is speaking to JoJos mother, I use this time to speak with him. I ask him about school, family, friends and pets. I ask open- ended questions to explore his feeling and fears.He tells me of his dog, two brothers and preschool. He tells me that, he is afraid and does not want anyone to touch his belly.When he is lying in bed, I make eye contact as I gently touch his abdomen. After examining his abdomen. Discussing his departure from the holding area, he starts to cry. Jojo, let me tell you what we will do when we go in the back to fix your belly. He asks, What? Do you know how to blow up a balloon? I ask. Yes, he explains. Well we are going in the back I will put a muscle tester on you, a space mask, and you can blow up my balloon. I use my awareness, presence, touch, kindness, and desire to make him feel strong and confident of the situa tion Alligood (2005) stated. In this holistic Perspective, each dimension is a reflection of the strong yet the whole is greater than the sum of parts(p. 132). Finally, I let his mother know that we will be talking more about her concerns after his examination.Assisting with ecstasy of human needsAlligood (2005) stated, Being-in-the world entails that I cannot consider Jojo without her context or environment of which I am a part (family, culture, community, nurses, health care team, society) (p. 132). I speak to Jojos mother about his support system, culture, and resources. These are important factors to assist her in obtaining the befitting resources need while her son is hospitalized, and she will be displaced from her home during his recover. She states, We have no means of raptus, my maintain is unemployed at this time due to his back injury and I have two young boys at home. We discuss means of transportation available to her family from the hospital as well as financial a ssistance. She states, my keep up has no way to arrive here and has no idea that Jojo is to have surgery. I try to ease her mind. I can tell she is befitting overwhelmed. Knowing she has fears it is my moral obligation to enhance and preserve her, human dignity, wholeness and integrity (Watson, 2005). (p. 131) Alligood (2005) stated Watsons theory, which recognizes the whole in the parts, supports a focus on the wholeness of a community, aggregate, or population, while still attend to the individuals and families within it. Watson emphasizes seeking to strengthen the clients resources and capacities as well as mutually planning and evaluating health actions (p. 134). Jojo returns from his surgical procedure, his mother is glaring at his bedside. I sit down beside her and to show her his bandage. We discuss the proper way to handle dressing changes along with actives and diet. Implication of Watsons transpersonal educational activity and learning caritive factor. His father has arrived giving her some emotional support. We sit in the recovery room at his bedside, while Jojo rest. I take time to discover to their fears, comfort them and educate them on his care. Jojos mother wipes her separate away and looks up at me. She, states I am so grateful you were her to help with Jojo he have helped my family, listened to be, and treated him as if he was your own child. Thank you. I tell her, I would not have it any other way. This is an example of Watsons care theory, Davis states human- to human relationship in which the person of the nurse affects and is affected by the person of the other (p.2618 ) treat PerspectiveI have applied Jean Watsons theory in my practice, examining an interaction between nurse/patient encounter. Transpersonal relationship with caring factors was used in the care of my patient. Applying caring moments related to person, health, nursing, and environment. I practice Watsons theory in my daily practice of nursing. Learning theoretician in school and refreshing them periodically may seem unnecessary. Who would not be kind to another, considerate of their needs, offer a conducive environment, listen attentively, or apply a caring factor. These seem like vulgar sense to a nurse. Theories are practice as early with new-fashioned theories add throughout career paths. It is the application of these theories and portrayal of them that causes the affect. This has brought to my view of nursing the values taught to me not only at home but also during my nursing education. Educating other on the values of caring factors, environmental adaptation, and the sure art of caring for a patient/person with total get wind to the values of the patient without passing judgment, Through this continuing education paper, we were able to learn the essential elements of Watsons caring theory and explore an example of a clinical application of her work through a clinical story. Aiming to preserve our human caring heritage, this paper of fered some suggestions and ideas in frame to help nurses grasp and utilize Watsons caring theory in their work environment. nursing can expand its existing role, continuing to make contributions to health care within the modern model by underdeveloped its foundational caring-healing and health strengths that have always been present on the margin (Watson, 1999, p. 45).ReferencesAlligood, M. R. (2005). Nursing theory Utilization & application (4th ed.), St. Louis, MO Mosby ElsevierDavis, F.A. (2005).Tabers Cyclopedic medical examination Dictionary. (20th ed.), Philadelphia, PA F.A. DavisCompanyWatson, J . (1999). Postmodern nursing and beyond. Edinburgh Churchill Livingstone/SaundersWatson, J . (2005). Caring science as sacred science. Philadelphia F.A. DavisWatson, J., Jackson, D., & Borbasi, S . (2005). Tracing nursing caring Issues, concerns, debates .In J. Daley, S. Speedy, D. Jackson, V. Lambert, & C. Lambert (Eds.), Professional nursingConcepts, issues, and chall enges. unexampled York Springer .

Black Boy Isolation Essay

In Ric unassailable Wrights book, Black Boy, the main char procedureer who as well narrates the story is Richard himself since the book is written from his point of view we find out a lot approximately how Richard feels and get detailed accounts of how he reacts to the things that happen to him. Even though Richard tries hard to relate to all groups of people close to him, he buttocksnot because he is so different, so much more independent and strong willed than the masses near him, these and other forms of isolation help shape Richard Wrights character passim the novel.In Richards neighborhood when he lives with his grandma, the thing that separates him close from e trulyone else is religion. Richard resolute he is an atheist at a very young age, which also demonstrates his ability to think independently, even under pressure. He is persistent and stands by his view, because he cannot relate to the one imposed on him. He says, mayhap if I had remained basically unaffected. (pg 112) Richard cogitates that religion cannot give him boththing more than he already has, so he rejects it as pointless even though everyone roughly him is trying to persuade him to take to God or else lose his mind and countless other threats. But, Richard is strong and doesnt pay attention to any of these threats, which in a way separates him from his entire neighborhood. This and going to a spectral school where all his peers have dry personalities, contributes to his isolation as a child.And, since he does not believe that God cares about him, this may ontogenesis his loneliness even more. So Richard starts to look to other things, such as writing, as a way to create a world for himself in which he does not feel isolated. Another group that he feels very far from is his immediate family. Ever since Richard was little, he has been beaten, threatened, scared and hungry and he mostly associates these feelings with members of his family. Because of the lack of fill out v irtually him, Richard cannot believe in sure love, which is a scar for life.For example when he meets Bess he says, I stared at her consequently I was sorry that I had said it, (pg 218. ) When Bess tries to be sensitive to Richard he is shocked and cannot understand how some people can love so purely and simply. He also comes to realize that he has a very different understanding of the word love than Bess because he has never been loved by anyone nor had any real family life. So, his isolation from his family early in life becomes a handicap later when he is unable to accept true love, which isolates him even more from people in his dult life. The last and most important group Richard cannot relate to at all is the discolour community.He is so different from the other blacks willing to question racism, independent, not scatty to be treated like everyone else and with a deep, unique understanding that racism is wrong. He also voices his concerns more than the other blacks, so h e has to yield a lot of violence and putdowns throughout his life. He has a dialogue about this with Griggs, an old schoolmate Do you want to get killed? put ont anybody act a damn bit like it. (pg 183) and then contemplates this idea It was simply my way with everybody. (pg 185) This is the most important isolation in the book because even though it applies to all blacks it applies to Richard even more because he is different from the whites as well as the blacks. This makes him not part of either community he cannot understand the way black people act like whites are superior and he cannot understand the way white people act like blacks are inferior. Richard is again isolated from everyone around him.In conclusion, because of the ignorance and intolerance of all the people around him, black and white, Richard can never relate to anyone, which makes him lead a very lonely and innocent life. This in turn motivates him to find a better life, whether it would be in the North o r in novels/writing. Because of this isolation and narrow-mindedness of people around him, Richard aspires to be someone and to prove to the people who dont believe in him and his values that he will continue to be an unmarried no matter what.

Military Psychology

Military Psychology Military psychological science is a full(a) market of psychology in which virtu in ally any and all sub theatres of psychology where the lessons of genius, organizational and abnormal psychology among others are apply to the call for or desires of quarter planners and strategists. Reasons for their application program may be neighboring(a) or sustained. The application of psychological research or theory to the force mountain be uptaked to analyze either oppositeness or kindly forces, exemplified by perfecting an attack on an enemy or change the helplessness of an ally.By extension, army psychology could be utilize to canvas the differences in soldiery position to the affairfield in terms of philosophy and execution of operations. The field has certain its greatest recognition through the variably sustained or toothless post-combat programs for troubled veterans. Conditions like shell shock and post-traumatic stress disquiet (posttraumat ic stress disorder) affirm figured prominently in the development of military therapy programs.Strategically, word of honor and personality testing create been applied to placement exams for prospective military recruits. The events of earth state of war I had a formative effect on the application of psychology to the realities of the battlefield, giving the nascent field crucial legitimacy. Co-founder of the British psychological Society and the National Institute of Industrial Psychology, Dr. Charles Myers, was selected as the old advisor on psychological matters to the British armies in France during the war.His work is considered foundational and he himself describes in statements that it was a frustrating endeavor to have British military elite group grapple the legitimacy of his claims that soldiers deserved psychological consideration for their unfitness and sensed unwillingness to perform in battle. Coining the term shell shock, he inscribed an enduring term into his torical consciousness that defines the apparent psychological impose on _or_ oppress inflicted by war. The term today is the nigh recognizable in be so-called combat stress reactions (CSRs) which entail extreme battle break and subsequent poor performance in war.Simultaneously, American psychologist Robert Yerkes initiated general intelligence service and aptitude testing in the American military by fashioning shopworn intelligence tests for literate and illiterate recruits, given the names multitude Alpha and Army Beta tests respectively. The tests study recruits ability to sequester analogies, recognize patterns and perform arithmetic, among other tests, in order to judge their intelligence disregarding of their formal educational backgrounds. The dramatic commencement in recruits with World state of war II provoked a gigantic effort to streamline draftees.Based on the experiences beginning with World War I testing, several committees and divisions were created devo ted to evaluation and placement on a psychological basis. The massive effort analyzed roughly 800,000 new soldiers every year during World War II, having a tremendous influence on the development of organizational and industrial psychology. The systemic methodology played wellhead into the 1950s as veterans returned to the workforce or advanced their own businesses on a similarly organized recruitment and placement model.The tests, developed in conjunction with the Committee on classification of Military Personnel, constituted the adjoining stage in the evolution of American military aptitude tests. They replaced the forward Alpha and Beta tests, and laid the foundations for the standard ASVAB test physical exercised by the American armed forces as of 2011. The hesitancy and anxiety of the Vietnamese theater gave rise to new levels of battle-induced psychological problems, most prominently in post-traumatic stress disorder.The support system for American veterans, particula rly sufferers of this condition, is notorious in American culture and often criticized. Many palisade the American military has demonstrated it has learned the appropriate lessons from the mismanagement of the PTSD outbreak by and by the Vietnam War. A stronger cultural support structure for move American veterans from Iraq and Afghanistan is thought to have displaced cultural hostility, and advances in clinical psychology have been referenced. The use of psychology to intimidate or analyze the weaknesses of an enemy has been called psychological warfare. Additionally, realistic applications like individual profiling and organizational psychology techniques have devised studies on enemy commanders, even their methodology, and guided philosophy in reservation decisions about war. This application has been applied with equal vigor to comprehend allies, such(prenominal) as comparative analyses between American and NATO military commands. scruple and equivocalness have been point ed to as crucial weaknesses in European military culture, whereas American commanders have been cited as quicker and less reluctant to use force to accomplish a mission.Simultaneously, American commanders have been criticized for institutionalizing a tendency to fall the importance of the aftermath of military operations and the threat the resulting favorable conditions may constitute against consolidating military gains. Military psychology is a broad area of psychology where the lessons of personality, organizational and abnormal psychology among others are applied to the needs or desires of military planners and strategists. Reasons for their application may be immediate or sustained.The application of psychological research or theory to the military can be used to analyze either enemy or friendly forces, exemplified by perfecting an attack on an enemy or strengthening the weakness of an ally. By extension, military psychology could be used to examine the differences in attitu des to the battlefield in terms of philosophy and execution of operations. The field has developed its greatest recognition through the variably sustained or ineffective post-combat programs for troubled veterans.Conditions like shell shock and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have figured prominently in the development of military therapy programs. Strategically, intelligence and personality testing have been applied to placement exams for perspective military recruits. The events of World War I had a formative effect on the application of psychology to the realities of the battlefield, giving the nascent field crucial legitimacy. Cofounder of the British Psychological Society and the National Institute of Industrial Psychology, Dr.Charles Myers, was selected as the primary advisor on psychological matters to the British armies in France during the war. His work is considered foundational and he himself describes in statements that it was a frustrating endeavor to have British military elite recognize the legitimacy of his claims that soldiers deserved psychological consideration for their inability and perceived unwillingness to perform in battle. Coining the term shell shock, he engraved an enduring term into historical consciousness that defines the apparent psychological damage inflicted by war.The term today is the most recognizable in defining so-called combat stress reactions (CSRs) which entail extreme battle fatigue and subsequent poor performance in war. Simultaneously, American psychologist Robert Yerkes initiated widespread intelligence and aptitude testing in the American military by devising standard intelligence tests for literate and illiterate recruits, given the renown Army Alpha and Army Beta tests respectively. The tests analyzed recruits ability to draw nalogies, recognize patterns and perform arithmetic among other tests in a dash to judge ones intelligence regardless of their formal educational backgrounds. The dramatic rise in r ecruits with World War II provoked a massive effort to streamline draftees. Based on the experiences beginning with World War I testing, several committees and divisions were created devoted to evaluation and placement on a psychological basis. The massive effort analyzed roughly 800,000 new soldiers every year during World War II, having a tremendous influence on the development of organizational and industrial psychology.The systemic methodology played well into the 1950s as veterans returned to the workforce or advanced their own businesses on a similarly organized recruitment and placement model. The tests, developed in conjunction with the Committee on Classification of Military Personnel, constituted the next stage in the evolution of American military aptitude tests. They replaced the earlier Alpha and Beta tests, plus laid the foundations for the standard ASVAB test used by the American armed forces as of 2011.The uncertainty and anxiety of the Vietnamese theater gave rise t o new levels of battle-induced psychological problems, most prominently in post-traumatic stress disorder. The support system for American veterans, particularly sufferers of this condition, is notorious in American culture and often criticized. Many argue the American military has demonstrated it has learned the appropriate lessons from the mismanagement of the PTSD outbreak after the Vietnam War.A stronger cultural support structure for returning American veterans from Iraq and Afghanistan is thought to have displaced cultural hostility, plus advances in clinical psychology have been referenced. The use of psychology to intimidate or analyze the weaknesses of an enemy has been called psychological warfare. Additionally, practical applications like individual profiling and organizational psychology techniques have devised studies on enemy commanders, even their methodology and guiding philosophy in making decisions about war.This application has been applied with equal vigor to pe rceived allies, such as comparative analyses between American and NATO military commands. Hesitation and ambiguity have been pointed to as crucial weaknesses in European military culture, whereas American commanders have been cited as quicker and less reluctant to use force to accomplish a mission. Simultaneously, American commanders have been criticized for institutionalizing a tendency to diminish the importance of the aftermath of military operations and the threat the resulting social conditions may constitute against consolidating military gains.

Huck Finn Should Not Be Banned Essay

High checks in the United States should not eschew The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. This volume is one of the most measurable components of American literature in our libraries to twenty-four hour period, it throws the reader into a time when thrall was lawful and accepted, and gives the reader a new perspective on thrall in general. Until civil rights groups can come up with a stop argument than the word nigger creating a hostile work milieu(Zwick) it should not be taken off the required reading enumerate of any High School in the country.Every one cytosine years dialects change and what is considered politi ab expendy correct, or socially acceptable, changes. David Bradley argues that if wed eradicated the problem of racism in our rules of order, Huckleberry Finn would be the easiest book in the creative activity to teach (Zwick, Jim. Should Huckleberry Finn Be Banned?). If we, as a nation, make it a commit to rule out all books that could possibly offend students , hence every hundred years or so our library of American Literature will be whole different. Even today, modern day authors use vulgar wrangle, lurid sexual content, and racial slurs to get their point across. If The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is taken off of required reading lists across the country, then(prenominal) that could fabricate a never-ending cycle of books being taken off of take aim shelves every time words and ideas become unacceptable. If this is the way that American society is turning then somewhatthing must be fathere, and the Superintendents, Deans, and Principals of every High School around the country must take it upon themselves to do it because the students will not.The throng who are trying to ban The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn are exclusively trying to avert out a part of American biography that they would just as soon be forgotten, but every part of American level needs to be dealt with and accepted by everyone at a unsalted age. Tryin g to shield students from any important part of history is a crime within itself. Hannibal, Missouri is a prime example of this caseful of crime. Every year they have a citywide celebration of signaling Twain, but they do not celebrate The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn or The Tragedy of Puddnhead Wilson nor do they teach it in their schools. Best stated by Shelly Fisher Fishkin, the phratry company in Hannibal was upholding a long American tradition of do slavery and its legacy and blacks themselves invisible(Zwick, Jim. Should Huckleberry Finn Be Banned?). This just shows how fond many an(prenominal) parts of America can be they embrace him and call him a genius in one aspect, but they conveniently dont seem to notice his genius in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn because they are likewise distracted by the language and actions of Huckleberry Finn himself.Just because a book has some offensive content is not enough of a reason to ban a book, the general value of The Adve ntures of Huckleberry Finn greatly overshadows any offensive language it may contain. It shows how the American public thought back then, their morals, and their way of life. It was alone they way they were brought up. In Chapter 32 of Huckleberry Finn Aunt Sally asks if anyone was hurt in a steamboat accident, Huck replies, Nom. Killed a nigger(Twain 167). The subject is then closed because no people were harmed, and in their minds, nobody was. That is something that cannot be expressed in a textbook or a teacher with the said(prenominal) degree of authenticity. The book immerses the student in a time where slavery was accepted. Teachers taught it, pastors preached it, mayors practiced it, and children saw absolutely nothing wrong with it because that is how they had been brought up. Huckleberry, however, was not brocaded proper and so had an almost completely clean head roughly the subject The Widow Douglas, she took me for her son, and allowed she would sivilize me but it was rough living in the house all the time (Twain 1). He saw Jim as a somebody and was even willing to go to hell to protect him. Just his use of the word nigger did not make him a bad person it was exactly the way people talked back in that period of time. The book tries to show that black people were just as human as white people and was probably the most blatant anti-slavery book of the time, many scholars consider it a staunchly antiracist novel(Zwick, Jim. Should Huckleberry Finn Be Banned?). If only that idea was appreciated today, the book would come across as a classic instead of a source of debate.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is an avid anti-slavery novel, and despite damage criticism from close-minded individuals, is one of the finest windows into a dark period of history that we all must deal with. One will not completely understand the way of life when slavery was accepted until they have read an entirely unbiased and uncensored book written during that time and de aling with the topic of slavery.

Interpersonal Relationships Essay

Interpersonal human consanguinitys can either be defensive or supportive. I find myself world both real many quantify because I can see things in all different aspects. I try to put myself in the persons shoes in order to descend what would be best in my eyes, A supportive relationship is 1 where you back up the persons ideas and actions. I believe a manager essential always have a supportive relationship with their boss in order to enforce rules in the workplace. If the manager does not enforce their executive programs rules then things would go very wrong.A defensive relationship is something we see very often because we all have different opinions. In the workplace especially when working in the healthcargon field macrocosm defensive can be mistaken for aggression. Having a defensive relationship means that although you work together you have different views and they be expressed. I had a meeting last week where I actually had to deal defensively towards the CEO of the union. Our quota was being held against us in a means that I did not agree with and I advised the manager.Since she did not realize my suggestion I brought it up in our meeting and not hardly was I acknowledged our quotas are being reviewed. Part of being a successful communicator whether it is defensive or supportive is being cocky. Being assertive is essential in our daily lives especially in the workplace. There are plenty of times when we are trying to submit claims to the policy community but they require more information. Many times we try to bespeak more information such as letter of medical necessities from the doctors and they disapprove because they feel they documented enough.Because we work for them we are not allowed to tell them what to do but this is when being assertive comes in. You advise the doctor that the insurance company is requesting more information than what is in the medical records and that if the letter is not make by a certain time the insuran ce company leave not pay for the services that were rendered. Being assertive means being straight forward and strong with your style of communication without being raptorial or demeaning. Being assertive is like demanding something without the umpgh.I believe I effectively communicate within my interpersonal relationships. I always am assertive when speaking. I stand my reason and make my point readable and aggression is rarely ever used. I do defend my ideas and my points full with everyone I speak to. Even at home I do not yell at my son unless he has done something unfeignedly incorrect. I always talk to him and show him right from wrong and apologise why things should be done a certain way. Interpersonal relationships are essential in life.We all need to work together in our everyday lives in order to accommodate one another and not to offend anyone. In the health care field we all have the resembling goals and that is to make sure that the patient gets the care they nee d while the insurance companies pay the claims for our doctors. The healthcare field is filled with interpersonal relationships. We all front on one another in order to do our occupation correctly. The doctor demand the nurse the nurse needs the front desk and everyone needs the billers. In the healthcare field we must use our confidence in order to be assertive.Being confident means knowing and stand for what you believe is right and expressing that. Being assertive means standing your ground without proof and without being aggressive. Although I believe being assertive whole kit much better when there is proof because it shows that you researched what you are discussing. Assertiveness is a need in any field because you must speak your spirit in order to communicate effectively and if you work in the healthcare field than being assertive will make you a very successful healthcare professional.

Origin of the Kingdom of Kush’s Religion Essay

Kushite trust was a combination of past Egyptian religious traditions and perfections with traditional Nubian customs and beliefs. Archaeological evidence shows that drill in cults held a great amount of vastness for the Nubians prior to the Egyptian defeat. In order to validate their claim everyplace Nubia, the Egyptians associated their god Amun with the Nubian ram cults. Centuries later, the Napatans converse the roles and used Amun to claim superiority everyplace Egypt. The ram-headed Amun was worshipped all everyplace Nubia during the New Kingdom and Kushite periods. Amun, the god who give kingship was deemed the most important in the Kushite pantheon, however, he was not the only Egyptian god worshipped. During the Meroitic period, local Nubian gods took their immaculate place in the pantheon. Apedemak, the lion headed god of war was the most celebrated. Until the Meroitic actors line is deciphered, very little can be understood of their religion and gods another(p renominal) than that they were worshipped in a way of life similar to those of Egypt, attended by priests in extravagant temples.Origin of the Kingdom of Kushs Religion Kushite religion was a combination of ancient Egyptian religious traditions and gods with traditional Nubian customs and beliefs. Archaeological evidence shows that ram cults held a great amount of importance for the Nubians prior to the Egyptian defeat. In order to validate their claim over Nubia, the Egyptians associated their god Amun with the Nubian ram cults. Centuries later, the Napatans reversed the roles and used Amun to claim superiority over Egypt. The ram-headed Amun was worshipped all over Nubia during the New Kingdom and Kushite periods.Amun, the god who granted kingship was deemed the most important in the Kushite pantheon, however, he was not the only Egyptian god worshipped. During the Meroitic period, local Nubian gods took their righteous place in the pantheon. Apedemak, the lion headed god of war was the most celebrated. Until the Meroitic language is deciphered, very little can be understood of their religion and gods other than that they were worshipped in a manner similar to those of Egypt, attended by priests in extravagant temples.

Fashion in 20 Years

Erika Annalisa Sagh 2MEI 20 age of change? The over abundance in brands, the unvarying fortifyment for new products and the continual demand for innovation in style, bequeath authenticly preserve relevant in 20 years as much as it does today. Fashion testament develop quickly in the fields of production development and doubt slightly work forward instead of reliving the passed. However, the in effect(p)ly intriguing changes in the way homo inside the next 20 years impart be notice competent in the domains of manufacturing and sustainable revitalization of products and how they go forth connect.In application of the current European crisis it is make that people atomic number 18 becoming to a greater extent conscious of where there silver is being worn out(p) and how they can possibly maintain more wisely. The morality behind the importance of helping and supporting your own preservation impart forever remain, though whether it will be practiced may technically be but a theory. Western cultures will continue to anticipate cheap manufacturing alternatives in second and third world countries, because it offers the possibility to over-produce and support the fast fashion addiction.As the evolution in economy triggers a draw a bead on growth indoors the field of manufacturing, the everlasting demand for innovating and luxurious goods will incline as well. These points all aid in allowing actual inhalation within the coming years to multiply from its current state. If the future predicts to give a noticeable growth of consumers, rising to approximately 1. 8 billion, it would be of no surprise that more brands will emerge and companies will be looking into producing their garments and products more quickly to feed the demand.The demand will doubtlessly hit an abundance of opportunities for the fashion industry, as developments in style, textile and affect will be forced to transpire. However, as a state for human race these so called win dows of opportunities will possibly not create revolutionary changes. enumerateing system chinas current regression in foreign manufacturing demand, a shift from this current fashion driven country to another ontogenesis country may occur.The demand from western-establish countries to China is slowly diminishing based mainly upon the fact that quoted prices seduce elevated beyond comfort. Though China is beginning to manage their organizations better, it raises some issues of whether western demand will remain located or as previously mentioned, shift. China does expect their economy to grow within the future years, however this growth may account solely for domestic demand. In order to continually be asunder of the fashion realm, China may have to keep their prices low or have the presidential term interfere.More of the Chinese population is gradually becoming less interested to work in factories, while more comfortable positions within a store or hotel are sought after. In short, as the country grows away from the communistic regime the people will relish a much more comfortable lifestyle away from inadequate conditions and factory work. Now it is not to say that the manufacturers in other upcoming worlds wont be categorized as sustainable. Its a cognize fact that the fashion industry is classified as one of the most polluting industries in the world, and much more focus is now being spent on how to change this.From the amount of fertilizer used in cultivating cotton fiber to the abundant quantity of chemicals exhausted in processing plants, it is evident that the fundament of fashion is drastically aiding in the progression of global warming. Though overdue to the size of the industry, any small changes such as the conservation of seraphic water or the protection of environmental status would help. Eva Kruse, Chairman of the Nordic Fashion Association has already begun gathering support from celebrities and international designers to cover su stainable options.With already 1000 people aboard, their long-term goal is to last declare sustainability as a worldwide fashion value. Though they plan to soon take part in united nation conferences and create a code of conduct for the industry, the possibility of eliminating cheap manufacturing is nearly impossible. It is not saying that if the sector reacts to aspects of this code that it will not create a great impact, but that redesign, reuse and recycle will take antecedency over fair wages. Clothing will be designed use biodegradable materials such as bamboo, milk or recyclable plastics and polyester.Clothing will no longer be apart of landmass and the environment itself will be considered more green and clean. However as stated, the use of these materials is undoubtedly more expensive to produce and manufacture into garments. Sustainable machinery will suit more expensive to buy and maintain, while health codes, which will be implied, will also account for a raised budg et. Since it will be the big companies, which will drive the demand they will be able to influence the consumers to agree with sustainability but perhaps not price.Prices can swerve gradually, however the public will never agree to pay preposterously high amounts. As fast-fashion will not fade within the near future, people will still demand new seasons and more aggregation in order to satisfy their materialistic and trendy needs. Companies will have to agree in saving money through cheaper labour and not expect all products to be produced closer to home. Countries such as India, Bangladesh and Cambodia will most likely become visited terrain for production instead of China, whereas the likeliness of African labour is more questionable due to the unstable status of the government and disruption.In conclusion, there are many solutions available in creating a more sustainable fashion industry, however these solutions may be quicker to gather in than the issue of fair trade itself. I opine that people are not ready to give up their addiction to buying, and fast fashion is not just a trend but also a new way of life. The idea of minimalistic buying will have to develop slowly within society, it may visible in 50 years but 20 years seems too soon. The categorized second world countries such as China are progressively becoming kickoff world and it is unsurprising that their production price quotes are higher than before.I believe that if the fashion industry takes a strong shift towards sustainability that affordable manufacturing in second and third world countries will be sought out, to dimension and maintain cheaper ticketed prices. In the future, the world may look different because certain countries, which are currently related directly to fashion, may disappear or even change their status, while new countries will appear in order to realize this sustainable aspiration. First step, be kind and save the planet we inhabit on. Second step, find a way to li ve in a fair trade world.

GM crops Essay

For thousands of years farmers provoke used a process of selection and crossbreed breeding to improve the quality of our crops. The problem with GM crops is that there is forgetful known intimately what force they result have in 20 years time. The contractable bodily structure of any living organism is multifactorial and GM crop tests focus on short-term effects. Not all told the effects of introducing a foreign gene into the intricate inherited structure of an organism argon tested. Will the pests that a crop was created to resist ultimately become resistant to this crop?GM crops whitethorn as well as tucker a health gamble to native animals that eat them. The animals may be poisoned by the built-in pesticides. Tests in the U. S. showed that 44% of caterpillars of the monarch only ifterfly died when cater large amounts of pollen from GM corn. Very little scientific tellation exists about the risk of GM food on human health. One study report by Dr. Arpad Pusztai, e xplains how GM foods could trigger new allergies and contain toxins that may be harmful. A nonher concern is illness. Since nearly crops atomic number 18 modified development the DNA from viruses and bacteria, will we see new diseases emerge?What about the GM crops that have antibiotic-resistant marker genes? Marker genes ar used by scientists to sterilize whether their genetic modification of a plant was successful. Will these antibiotic-resistant genes be transferred to microorganisms that pee-pee disease? We already have a problem with ineffective antibiotics. How shadow we develop new drugs to fight these new bugs? Then there is ever the possibility that we may not be able to destroy GM crops once they spread into the environment.Proponents of GM crops claim that advantages may be many, such as modify storage and nutritional quality Pest and disease resistance Selective herbicide tolerance Tolerance of water, temperature and saline extremes Improved animal welf atomic number 18 Higher yields and quality Cross-pollination is a concern for twain GM crops and conventional breeding, especially with the more serious weeds that are closely related to the crops. With careful management this may be avoided. They are an ever-increasing problem and genetic engineering promises to stop it.But will genes from GM plants spread to other plants, creating superweeds and superbugs we wont be able to oblige? When looking at the environmental impacts of grass- and grain-fed beef, there is a 500% ontogeny in greenhouse gas emissions for each pound of beef produced from grass-fed compared to grain-fed cattle. torrential nitrogen and phosphate release to the environment, 35% more water use, and 30% more land use for grass-fed cattle compared to grain-fed increases the environmental impact of stringently grass feeding. Cholesterol content does not differ between grass- or grain-fed beef.Today, there is an estimated two-thirds of all our products in supermarkets contain genetically engineered ingredients, including tortilla chips, drink mixes, taco shells, veggie burgers, muffin mix, and baby formulas. But only one-third of Americans are aware that their food contain genetically engineered ingredients, despite the findings of surveys that 85 to 90% of consumers want clear labeling of all genetically engineered foods. Because labeling is not yet carryful by g overnment regulations, nor practiced by biotech companies, there is absolutely no way for consumers to know what it is that they are eating.The public has not been educated of the inadequateness of genetically modified ingredients in their diets and the possible risks that these foods may entail. The credibility of these geneticists is also questionable because almost all established molecular geneticists have some industrial ties limiting what they can research on, particularly with regard to safety. at that place is no way of knowing the overall, long-term effects of genetically engineered foods on human health. This unpredictability appears to be causing the most controversy over genetically modified foods, as there is insufficient evidence and need for still research.The effect of the insertion on the biochemistry of the host organism is unknown region. The effect of the genetically engineered organism on the environment is unknown. The effect of eating genetically engineered foods is unknown. There is no basis for meaningful risk assessment. There is no recovery plan in case of disaster. It is not even clear, who, if anyone will be legally liable for the negative consequences. There are no consequences among scientists on the safety or on the risks associated with genetic engineering in agriculture.The international community is deeply divided on the issue. In plus to these, genetically engineered foods may cause the removal of important food elements. For example, genetic engineers may intentionally remove or inactivate a center field they consider undesirable in a food, which may have unknown but crucial qualities, such as cancer-inhibiting abilities. Examples such as this are perhaps especially frightening because of the potential to find cures to some of the illnesses and diseases that have already laid claim to many lives.Failure to do further research in this case would be a shame, as it could will to an elimination of possible breakthroughs in medicine and health. The current state of bioengineering must be fixed because every living organism is alter by it because everything is composed of genes. If the food being consumed contains products of genetic modification, the public is at risk to the unpredictable effects on their own physiology and biochemistry-effects that may not be reversible. Not only could this cause problems in their own lives presently, but it could also affect future generations, in ways that are unforeseen yet preventable.Moreover there is not enough understanding of the principles of genetic en gineering to categorize those genetic modifications that may pose a risk and those that may not because genes appear to react in diverse ways when spliced with other genes. Genes are a part of an extremely complex and integrated network and are constantly reacting to their environment. Further research must be enacted, and biotech companies and the government must do their moral/ethical duty to inform the public, because ultimately, they are the ones making the decisions.

Abortions: The Choice is the Woman’s

spontaneous abortion is one of the most controversial topics of this era. What is abortion? Abortion is defined as the removal or expulsion of an embryo or fetus from the uterus resulting or vex the death of the fetus or embryo. The people who cerebrate abortion is terms and should non be allowed ar called Pro-Life activist. Those who swear abortion is the muliebritys pick because its her body are called Pro-Choice activist. pro-life activists debate that all life at conception is precious and deserves a chance at life.They too believe that God non the baffle chooses its time of life and death. Pro- option followers a lot argue in favor of science and the United States Constitutional Ninth Amendment, which holds relievedom of choice sacred (American courtly Liberties, 1997). They believe the first patient is the mother, and she is the one who allows the maternalism to happen or not. The fact of the matter is if abortion is chosen to be banned people will find a mood to subscribe one done.To save this from happening abortion should be kept legitimate because its the char chars right, pregnancies due to rape are not ordinarily wanted, and if health related problems arise and the pregnancy can not continue. Women pick up fought very long and hard to lead their rights. On January 22, 1973 the Supreme apostrophize decided in its landmark termination of the Roe vs. Wade fictional character to make abortion a effectual action for all women (American Civil Liberties Union, 1997).Henry Wade was a district attorney from Dallas whom the Roe vitrine was against (Lowenstein, 1996). When abortions were not legal the number of women who wanted or needed and abortions did not decrease. Before legalizing abortion thousands of women flunkd or suffered serious medical illnesses after stressful to do their own abortions, or going to non trained physicians who per diversenessed cheap abortions in unsanitary conditions (Abortion Law Homepage, 1996). A w omans has a choice to say whether or not the fetus at hand is wanted.though is not believed that abortion should be used as a form of birth control. Pro-Life activist believe that the unborn deflower accompaniment between the 18th and 25th day after conception, this is when the heart starts. They believe the fetus has more rights than the woman because it can not speak for itself. This is often argued because Pro-Choice activist believe the bungle is not considered a handle until it reaches the viability stage, which is 24 weeks. Pro-Life activists almost always call women who have abortions are murderers.Pro-Life activists, also call abortion clinics a furthercher betray where babies are murdered. This is not true they provide a come out for a woman to have a safe choice. To say that a woman is not allowed to make a choice active her body defeating the affair of her fight for her right. The AIG inform that there are about 90,000 rape cases reported yearly. Among those rap e victims about five percent of them become pregnant, and from that 50% of them determine abortions (Johnson, 2006).Why should rape victims be forced to keep a churl resulting from rape? This is a question that some Pro-Life activists struggles with. A woman that has been raped should be able-bodied to have an abortion because keeping the child, would cause the mother the hate the child when the mother had a though about the rapist (Steinmetz, 1998). The child would constantly remind the mother of the pain she went through with(predicate) on that day. Although some Pro-Life activists believe that the woman should give the botch up up for adoption if there is rape involved.Adoption is not refreshing because the woman would have to give birth to a child and wherefore give it to a complete stranger. Most women are not able physically and mentally to give a baby up. The mother would have to pray constantly about the baby being placed in the best environment. The child will then h ave to be tossed from place to place in search for a family that wants them. Putting a baby up for an adoption is not always seen as the answer. Legal abortions not only protect a womans life but it also protects their health. there are thousands of women with kidney disease, heart disease, severe hypertension, sickle cadre anemia, and severe diabetes, and other illnesses that can be life threatening, the availability of legal abortions has helped lessen serious medical problems that could have came from having a baby (Steinmetz, 1998). There have been several cases that a woman has chosen whether she dies or the baby dies. This is also another case that Pro-Life activist struggle with. They believe that if it Gods will for the unborn child, the mother, or both to die it will be done.Pro-Choice believes that God has blessed people with free will. To decide if a fetus is a human or a clump of cells is the choice of each individual walking throughout this land. Abortion remains a con troversial topic among pro-life and pro-choice activists. As long as unwanted pregnancies continue to occur, abortions, more than likely, will also continue. In the end, however, it is the mother who has to live with the decision made. There is no way to say who is right and who is wrong. Abortion should be viewed as an anguished decision in which human beings struggle to do the best they can in trying circumstances.

Multi-User Dungeons

This lengthy article on avatars in Multi-User Dungeons ( bollocks) was instructive and drug abuseful, though hard for the novice gamer to digest in one sitting. literary productions attests to the gaming association using data processors as tools to communicate and to link unneurotic friendships and partnerships. However, the article points out there is a danger of the gamer becoming as well involved in the confederation, and to remember that quarrel on a assemblage/discussion board screen etc does non equate to an entity that reflects a physiological community.I agree that there are differences and these need to be borne in instinct during the gaming experience, however I find Rhiengold ignores the inherent similarities of virtual(prenominal) and corporeal communities with regard to their psychological formes (Agress, Edberg, &type A Igbaria, 1998). The article reviews bumble as a dynamic and wild side to the Internet. Rheingold contends that real magic exists here an d that a persons individualism is computer addressized by its fluidity. The imaginary worlds created with huge computer databases of programming languages birth melodramas and satires, puzzles, education, leisure condemnation and competition.With respect to the articles description of colly communities Rheingold is somewhat over-exuberant in listing virtues of mires. There is an emphasis on fantasy, power, dominance, sexual prowess and flushed injury or death. The destructions as presented by Rheingold are economic dominance, fame and kindly power. A nonher criticism of the article is that it is not structured soundly. The history of MUD communities begins a page or so into the article. The piece then utterly jumps to describing potentiality empirical functions of MUDs such as observing them as subsisting laboratories for studying the freshman-level impacts of virtual communities.Rheingold does not attempt to outline how such search could be undertaken, what would be m easured or how participants would be ensured of informed consent. many ethical dilemmas are obvious when considering the use of MUD communities as settings for appeal hearty and/or psychological data. Unlike the somatogenic environment, MUDs are not natural and field research designs would need to be modified to hold in ethical standards and empirical rigor.Rheingold also suggests that the MUD environments could be used a research environment for evaluation of second-level effect of virtual communities on sensual world relationships, such as with family, personal relationships, friendships etc. Interestingly, Rheingold points out that unsounded issue for the western culture are called into question with MUDs, social norms, set and expectations are adapting to the virtual (pun intended) anonymity the Internet can provide. He makes a good point that this in an all important(p) issue for a community where many relationships are talk basis by engine room.Unfortunately, the a rticle has several bewildered jumps, with Rheingold distributing MUD history throughout the piece. He explores the idea of gaming existence an addiction, due to several MUDders admitting to make iting most of their waking hours immersed in virtual worlds. The concept of MUD community addiction is presented in the article as a communication addiction that call for to be go through to be understood according to MITs Media Lab Associate Professor Amy Bruckman How do we discover about tens of thousands of college students spendingtheir time and government-sponsored resources to chase virtual dragons? To answer this question, you surrender to honkytonk in and explore assumptions about what is a meaningful way to spend ones time. What are the value judgments implicit in various answers to that question? Rheingold suggests that the archetypal step is to investigate the fascination some gamers have with MUDding, to determine how arrested development develops. Identifying unique f eatures of the medium that engage a gamer psychologically and that meets a persons needs and expectations would inform about fascination.He further states changing conceptualization about what is identity is the underlying cause as to how fascination develops into a dysfunctional obsession. Hence, to Rheingold, MUD communities are an extension of ongoing cognitive changes brought about by innovation, technical advancements and adaption of symbols to suit a communication-saturated society. MUD environments have allowed dissolving of social boundaries associated with time and space, as well as boundaries of identity. A gamer can pretend to be another they can pretend to be many other tribe simultaneously.It appears to Rheingold that depersonalized modes of communication allow some volume to be much much personal with each other as compared to a relationship in the physical world. However, he questions the authenticity of the human relationship within the cyber context, assumption the masking of the person and the distancing that the medium can provide. In this way he states that MUDding is not real life. However, he does not explore the potential for MUD to become a persons life, which from a constructivist point of view, would make the virtual a real world given that a person is seen as constructing their testify reality (Riddings & Gefen, 2004).Overall, Rheingold focuses on issues of identity for the MUDder. One of the first activities that a person does when entering a MUD environment is to create an identity. They suck their character for others who inhabit or visit the MUD. It is through the creation of their identity, states Rheingold that the MUD community develops, grows, changes and maintains coherence for its members. It is the roles each gamer plays, points out Rheingold, that guides the socio-cultural value arrangement of the community the roles give people impertinently stages on which to exercise new identities,and their new identities a ffirm the reality of the scenario. The fluidity of identity is en equal to(p)d by the participants being able to communicate using a number of public and private rail line options ? private e-mail ? person-to-person chat ? person-to-person chat ? say, whisper, and get to to anybody else in the same room ? form of group chat that uses the boundaries of nonliteral rooms as social boundaries ? turn on or eat up special-interest CB channels for other semipublic conversations across different separate of the MUDPoses and ledgers are used to communicate meaning in the MUD environment. Rheingold describes the use of pose as useful though disembodied non-verbal language. Another word for posing is emoting and provides an added dimension to communication not possible in the physical world. For example, Instead of leaving the room, you can disappear in a cloud of iridescent, bubble-gum-flavored bubbles. Rheingold comments that first feelings of artificiality when posing soon disperse whe n one becomes aware of the added control they have over the ambience of the conversation.Posing can provide contextual cues to that are not available through words on a screen alone. The added reinforcement of having creative powers within the MUD environment takes the experience beyond that of conferencing and or chat sites, such as magic carpets that transport their owners to secret parts of the kingdom. Other characters are able to steal or give power of objects and avatars of others. As such, the social construction of valuing items and characters is similar in process to that which occurs in the creation of value systems in physical communities.Similarly, the social goal of power, over others and the material world, is a social concept that continues to be hold in the virual world. Rheingold ignores this salient feature of consistency in what makes a community. In this way, MUD environments can be considered real as they are experienced by individuals, and they do lead to th e construction of social institutions, rules and common goals mediated by a culturally-dependant language.The MUD culture is framed by the technology through which it is made visible and allows interaction, and also, by the physical world from which its computer hardware and software, and persons social rules came from. Much like Russian dolls, worlds within worlds. gliding of the MUD community provides a learning experience for each character and they learn their roles to play. Gender roles are a dominant determinant of social placement and social expectations within the physical world. So too in the world of MUD.For example, tiny. sex and net. sleazing are techniques used predominantly by mannish characters to seduce young-bearing(prenominal) newbies into cybersex that is recorded and distributed across the globe via the Internet. As such, sex activity stereotypes remain within the virtual world, and women tend to be viewed as inferior, unripe and unworthy of treatment as equ als. Despite social thought advances in the 21st century, the physical world continues to exist within a patriarchial system that creates power struggles between dichotomies.The MUD communities do little to challenge the placement quo of inequality with regard to gender, and in many ways (due to its anonymity) increase opportunities for people to act out anti-social behaviors. It must be kept in take care that these behavioral choices are grounded in physical world cultures, so that Rheingolds produce that MUD communities are unlike the real world in terms of social interactions is poorly supported. In conclusion, Rheingold delivers an indepth subjective critique of MUD communities. The overcritical review before you has evaluated Rheingolds interpretation and communication of the relevance and function of MUDs.Evidently, MUDding is an important psychological and social activity or way-of-being for many people, both female and male. This has sparked much debate in terms of addi ction theories, gender issues and possibly most importantly, ones sense of identity. This paper has demonstrated that MUD communities have the potential to be research environments if ethical criteria can be met, and that in terms of social processes virtual communities have many similarities to those of the physical world from which they emerged.References Agres, C. , Edberg, D. & Igbaria, M. (1998) Transformation to Virtual Societies Forces and Issues. The Information Society 14(2), 71-82. Rhiengold, H. (n. d. ) The Virtual Community. Retrieved January 12, 2007 from http//www. rheingold. com/vc/book/5. hypertext mark-up language Riddings, C. M. & Gefen, D. (2004) Virtual Community Attraction Why People string Out Online. Retrieved January 12, 2007 from http//jcmc. indiana. edu/vol10/issue1/ridings_gefen. html

Comparative Paper of Race/Ethnicity Essay

Racial background and ethnicities argon represented in the short stories rural atomic number 18a Lovers, The Welcome Table, and the rime What Its same to Be a pitch-dark Girl. in all of these stories have a primary(prenominal) character or protagonist glum female. All three of these women deal with some degree of discrimination because of their color. The hardships that these women injure during their life can be suffered by any cardinal but growing up in a discriminatory situation creates a more(prenominal) dramatic spirit level.The main themes in Country Lovers be relish and racial politics. Country Lovers was written during a time when Africa was suffering from racial segregation. This story has derision throughout the entire story. Thebedi and Paulus grow up together and they fall in love. They grew up in Africa during the apartheid when their country did non allow interracial relationships. Paulus Eysendyck was the discussion of the farm owner and Thebedis fathe r worked on that farm. They twain knew they could not be together publicly.During the apartheid in Africa it was illegal to have an interracial relationship. thither are several dramatic effects in this story. The first is when the fibber talks about Paulus going away to school This usefully coincides with the maturate of twelve or thirteen so that by the time early adolescence is pull ined, the opaque children are making along with the bodily changes common to all, an comfortable transition to adult forms of address, beginning to call their rare playmates missus and baasie light master (Clungston, 2010).Theres loss of innocence and forbidden love as described here when Paulus watches Thebedi wade in the water The schoollady friends he went swimming with at dams or pools on neighbouring farms wore bikinis but the sight of their crying(a) bellies and thighs in the sunlight had never made him feel what he entangle now when the girl came up the bank and sat beside him, the d rops of water form off her dark legs the only points of light in the earth scent deep shade (Clungston, 2010). This love would by any other meat be normal, but since it is during the apartheid it is against the law.Eventually, Thebedi becomes pregnant at eighteen with Pauluss child. In order to protect herself Thebedi marries another man, Njabulo a laborer on the Eysendyck farm, alike(p) her father. When Paulus returns home on holiday he learns of the child, fearing that it is his, knowing the legal issues he could face, he goes to see the child. When Paulus sees the child He struggled for a moment with a grimace of tears, anger, and selfpity. He said, You havent been near the stick out with it? (Clungston, 2010) Both Paulus and Thebedi know the consequences if the child is found out about.Two years later Paulus returns to Thebedis hut and drowns the child. The baby had been given a kosher burial until someoneone of the other labourers? their women? had reported that the baby was almost snow-covered, that, strong and healthy, it had died suddenly after a visit by the sodbusters son(Clungston, 2010). In the end, a trial resulted in a not guilty verdict because of insufficient proof. Each one of these events is dramatic. The main themes of The Welcome Table are impartial Christ-like love and racism.Walkers story The Welcome Table never mentions a table notwithstanding under the title it quotes an old spiritual. We are never given a name of the old adult female in this story. This creates anonymity about the cleaning woman this is tragic because she is unknown. Based on the description of the womans uniform the idea is given that Perhaps she had known suffering (Walker, 1973). In the story of the old black woman is described as, the color of poor elderly Georgia earth, beaten by king cotton and the extreme brook (Walker, 1973).This old Black woman is on a mission. Even though in that location is no table in this story, the pick up table is a meta phor for impartial love. The old woman heads into a house of deity expecting it to have impartial love. The church service people discriminated against her because she is black. The good church house are shocked. The reverend reminds her gently saying Auntie, you know this is not your church (Walker, 1973). The old woman thinks as if one could choose the wrong one (Walker, 1973). She brushes past them all and finds a seat near the back.Inside it is really cold, colder than usual. She ignores the request of an usher, referring to her as grandma, who asks her to leave. The ladies, who are celebrating the impartial love that they presumably have, at long last insist and their husbands hurl her out. She is stunned, bewildered, and starts to sing a sad song. Then she notices something flood tide megabucks the long gray highway. She grins toothlessly and giggles with joy. For it is none other than Jesus, and he is pass toward her.When he came close, he said, Follow me and the old woman bounded down to his side with all the bob and speed of one so old(Walker, 1973). The two of them walk on together. She tells him her troubles, and he listens kindly, smiling warmly. Jesus provides her with the welcome table. The people in the church never knew what happened to her. Some said they byword her jabbering to herself and walking off down the highway all alone. They guessed maybe she had relatives across the river, some miles away, but none of them really knew. The theme in this story is racism and hardship.Smiths rime gives the audience a view into a young girls transition from universe a black girl into befitting a black woman during a time when both being a black girl and a black woman are unwelcomed. An Explication From transition to disappointment. The meter What its like to be a Black Girl (for those of you who arent) by Patricia Smith, is exactly as it is described in the title. Smiths poem gives the audience an insiders view into a young black girls tr ansition into black woman-hood at a time where both being a black girl and a black woman was not as welcomed.Puberty is usually described by the biologic changes a young boy or girls torso goes through. Smith writes, Its being 9 years old and judgment like youre not finished, and like your edges are wild, like theres something, everything, wrong (Smith, 1991). Though all teens have these thoughts in Smiths poem the black girl also have the added pressures of a racially below the belt society. This black girl she refers to in her poem is feeling the awkwardness of her freshly changing body and the hope of something different and maybe better to come.The poem tells the story of a young black girl exploring and experiencing what it is to become a black woman in a society that tells her to be white is better. Its dropping food coloring in your eyes to determine them blue and suffering their burn in silence. Its popping a bleached white mophead over the kinks of your bull and prim ping in expect of the mirrors that deny your reflection. (Smith, 1991) The food coloring in her eyes and the bleached hair symbolize her need to be accepted by societys idea of proper. Its flame and fists and life according to Motown (Smith, 1991). The life she knows is Motown music, racial slurs, and fighting.Between jumping double Dutch until your legs pop and growing tallish and wearing a batch of white (Smith, 1991) the poem tells us how a young black girl balances her changing body, with her child-like mentality. The wearing of a lot of white is her wearing of the wedding gown often seen as a symbol of womanhood. On that day, shes starts the next chapter in her life, as a married woman. When Smith talks about having a man reach out for you and caving in around his fingers (Smith, 1919) it gives the reader a better observance of the subservient mentality women dealt with during the 1960s.Finally, this young black girl is now a woman. Throughout the poem, Smith has helped us to see the transition from a black girl to a black woman. With Smiths attention to detail, the reader is able to stick to the girls changes, both biological and psychological. This poem tells the story of a young black girls journey and her experiences while fitting a grown black woman in an era of racial uncertainty. All three women are survivors of a life of racial unjust. These stories are common to everyday life changes and lessons.These hardships, that everyone normally sees, are much more dramatic in a society that discriminates against color. References Clugston, R. W. , (2010). Journey into Literature. San Diego Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Retrieved March 20, 2011 from https//content. ashford. edu/books/AUENG125. 10. 2/sections/h3. 2? search=Country%20Lovers Walker, A. , (1973). In Love & upset Stories of Black Women. New York Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 81-87. Smith, P. , (1991). Life According to Motown. What its Like to Be a Black Girl (for those of you who arent). Tia Chucha Press.