Health and Safety to Minimise Musculoskeletal Disorder Risk

health and Safety to Minimise Musculoskeletal Disorder RiskRECOMMENDATIONSIntroductionThis chapter is relate with recommendations which can be put forward in order to go across or minimize chance of musculoskeletal disorders arising from ergonomic and different probabilitys. The hierarchy of requires entrust be considered for putting forward the recommendations.Hierarchy of venture chastenessThe hierarchy of hazard control is a system which provides various hazard control methods, ranging from the nearly issuingive to the least effective methods. The hierarchy of hazard control is as followsEliminationElimination is the best way to control a hazard as the danger associated with it is completely removed from the employment but in most cases it is non thinkable.SubstitutionThe second most effective way of controlling hazards is by substitution which diminishes the hazards associated with a task, exertion or process to whatever extent and new hazards can be introduced but it will have a less harmful effect on the extenders.Engineering controlsEngineering controls involves the use of physical barriers to foresee fundamental interaction between the proles and the hazards by redesigning of the process, job or activity.Administrative controlsAdministrative controls ar concerned with changes in the policies and procedures of the organization. These include rent out(p) gyrationRedesigning of task, activity or processImplementation of safe operating proceduresTraining, instruction and information.Personal evasive Equipment (PPE)The least effective way of controlling hazards is by the use of PPE. here(predicate) the workers atomic number 18 provided with PPEs such as earmuffs, visors, respiratory mask to prevent exposure to the hazard. It is considered the least effective asThe hazard is still defendIf the worker has worn it im decently, he/she is exposed to the hazardThey can wee-wee hazards sometimes as they interfere with movement.Recommen dations for the four discussion sectionsRecommendations to the problems identified in the four divisions in the factory that is subdueting, host and finishing will be provided. The recommendations for these four departments will non be the analogous but there atomic number 18 some recommendations which are applicable to all of them, which are as followsJob rotationJob rotation falls in the administrative methods for controlling hazards. Job rotation involves rotating the employees from different jobs, especially those who uses the resembling group of muscle repeatedly and in which the workers sweep up poor strong points.micro breaksMicro breaks, as their be suggests are small breaks which can range from 30 seconds to two minutes which the worker can take after operative continuously for 30 minutes while either standing or stupefyting. These breaks are authoritative as it enables the musculoskeletal system of the worker to rest, thereby reducing the fortune of developin g MSDs, especially if the tasks involves repetitive movements, awkward postures and goes on for long menstruation of time.Training in beneficial handling and tump overing techniquesGood handling and rescinding techniques are inherent as it reduces the risk of developing MSDS. This is achieved when the worker adopts the techniques. Training is inwrought and it should includeWhat are the risk factors and how to recognize them,How to safely lift and address the appoints.Good lifting techniquesBefore liftingThe lift should be plan. It should be seen if the path for the lifting outgrowth is clear and if non, the worker should remove the obstructions.Adopting a stable postureIt is essential to maintain balance and the feet of the worker should be apart with one of his/her degree a bit forward.Getting a good holdThe load should be as close as possible to the body whenever it is feasible. head start in a good postureThe worker should bend passably at the start of the lift.Avoid flexing the pole more when liftingThe worker should not straighten his/her legs before raising the load.Keeping the load close to the waistlineThe load should be kept as long as possible close to the body.Avoiding twisting of the stomach and leaning sidewaysThe shoulders should face the same direction of the hips and they should be at the same level.Keeping the head upAfter the load has been secured, the worker should look ahead and not down. fluid movementIn order to keep control and minimize risk of injury, jerking and snatching of the load should be evacuateed.Avoid lifting loads that are alike heavyWorkers should always safely lift the loads within their subject and help from a coworker can be used to safely lift a heavy load.Adjusting the load after it has been put downIt is of import to put the load down first then move it in the correct po baby-sition.Medical surveillanceMedical surveillance should be carried out as it allows for the early detections of conditions which can have adverse effects on the health of the workers.VentilationCutting departmentRecommendations for the problems which have been identified in the cutting department concerning the equipment or task, activities or processes are as follows load the airing machineHere training in good lifting and manual handling techniques are necessary as it will teach the workers how to properly lift the fabrics onto the floor level to place it onto the spreading machine to avoid risk of injuries. The other solutions could beReduce the weight of the fabric universe lifted and,Have a minimum of two people to lift the fabrics.Spreading the fabricSpreading of the fabric should be done by at least two workers, who are facing each other at the opposite end of the tables. This minimizes adoption of awkward postures and long reaches. also workers should be encouraged to take micro breaks.Cutting the fabricThe spreading table should be set at a good works crest so as to improve back and shoulder po sture which will result in the worker adopting a better posture. replace the custody of the electric cutter or the cutter itself if possible, with an adjustable handle so as to improve wrist posture.The fabric should not be cut from only 1 side of the table it should be cut from both sides of the table so as to avoid long reaches.Micro breaks should be taken.Sorting the cut piecesAvoid overfilling of the baskets.Use of smaller baskets to ease lifting and handling.Have two persons to carry the baskets if they are heavyTraining in good lifting techniques.Assembly departmentRecommendations for the problems which have been identified in the assembly department concerning the equipment or task, activities or processes are as followsSupply and removal of vestureSmaller boxes should be placed at an competent height to allow easy grips.The tables on which the materials are placed should be of the same height of the sewing table.The tables should be large enough to contain the clothes a nd they should be stable.Sewing tableHeightThe sewing table should be adjustable so that the workers can adjust the height at their jostle level, which is the most adequate.Size and shapeThe larger tables can be adapt to make them smaller in order to allow delivery and issue of materials easier. Also for small tables, an addition can be placed on it so as to augment its size. Raised edges can also be placed on the table to prevent materials from falling.AngleTilting the table by 100 t0 250 towards the operator can improve visibility and prevents the worker to adopt poor neck posture.ChairAs it was found out during the study, the chairs are not good enough. Chairs with the following features should be boughtAdjustability The seat height should be adjustable can height this should be easily adjustable and it should be able to be adjusted to the height of the operator who will be using it. crumb width and depth it should be wide and tardily enough so that the users are comfortab le and the seat should suit the shortest and tallest usersSeat material There should be enough padding of the material on the seat and back of the chair so that it is comfortable for the user to sit for long period of times.Backrest It should support the back and debase back and it should be adjustable in angle and height.Arm rest it should be of adequate size such that it is large enough to support the note arms but small enough so that they do not interfere with the position of the chair. instauration pedalsThe foot pedals should be modified so that they are at the same angle and position to allow good posture.Hand toolsHand tools such as scissors of different and adequate size should be provided.Work organizationThe sewing machine operators could be given the freedom to go and pick up the pieces of materials that they need to work on.Pressing departmentRecommendations for the problems which have been identified in the pressing department concerning the equipment or task, acti vities or processes are as followsWorking heightThe working height should be adjustable as an appropriate height enables the worker to work with his/ her back in an upright position and their shoulders relaxed.Floor bug outAnti-fatigue mats should be placed everywhere in the pressing department area.Foot pedalsThe foot pedals should be close or even with the floor.Finishing departmentRecommendations for the problems which have been identified in the finishing department concerning the equipment or task, activities or processes are as followsChairAs it was found out during the study, the chairs are not good enough. Chairs with the following features should be boughtAdjustability The seat height should be adjustableSeat height this should be easily adjustable and it should be able to be adjusted to the height of the operator who will be using it.Seat width and depth it should be wide and thick(p) enough so that the users are comfortable and the seat should suit the shortest and t allest usersSeat material There should be enough padding of the material on the seat and back of the chair so that it is comfortable for the user to sit for long period of times.Backrest It should support the back and lower back and it should be adjustable in angle and height.Arm rest it should be of adequate size such that it is large enough to support the lower arms but small enough so that they do not interfere with the position of the chair.AccessoriesFoot rests that are adjustable should be provided to the workers foreplay and outputTraining for workers in good lifting techniques to avoid risk of injury.